Hemodialysis is a life-saving procedure for patients with chronic kidney disease who have progressed to end-stage renal disease. This prospective cohort study aims to analyze the epidemiological, etiological, and clinical profiles of hemodialysis patients while assessing management strategies and their impact on quality of life. Data were collected from 120 patients undergoing hemodialysis, comprising 79 males (65.83%) and 41 females (34.17%). The highest incidence was observed in the 50–60 years age group (27.5%). Hypertension was the leading cause (55%), followed by diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis was primarily based on blood urea nitrogen (96.6%) and serum creatinine levels (93.3%). Weight loss was recorded in 85% of cases, while 15% experienced weight gain. Treatment included antihypertensive medications (98.3%) and vitamin D supplements (89.16%). The study highlights the need for comprehensive healthcare strategies to improve the management of hemodialysis patients. Clinical pharmacists and healthcare professionals should play a vital role in patient education regarding medication adherence, lifestyle modifications, and safety measures. Strengthening healthcare systems and implementing well-coordinated chronic kidney disease prevention programs are crucial for reducing the burden of kidney disease and enhancing patient outcomes.