Urolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, is a prevalent urological disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. The present study aims to investigate the potential Antiurolithiatic activity of the aqueous leaves extract of Bauhinia variegata against ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis in Wistar rats. This research involves a comprehensive pharmacological evaluation, including various biochemical, histological, and molecular analyses, to elucidate the mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of the plant extract. When ethylene glycol (EG) is given to rats in their drinking water at a concentration of 0.75 percent (v/v), oxalate is immediately and considerably excreted in the urine. Thirty inbred Wistar rats (weighing between 180 and 200g each) were utilized. There were five groups created for this 28-day research. The first group (the controls) received merely water. Group 2 was the uroolithiatic-induced group and received Ethylene glycol (EG) in drinking water at a concentration of 0.75 percent (v/v). Ethylene glycol (EG) drinking water (0.75% v/v) and 50 mg/kg body weight (i.p.) were administered to Group 3. Test-1 consisted of an aqueous Bauhinia variegate leaf extract. Group 4 received 100 mg/kg of body weight i.p. and ethylene glycol (EG) in water at a concentration of 0.75 v/v. Test-2 consisted of an aqueous Bauhinia variegate leaf extract. Group 5 received the gold-standard treatment, 5 ml/kg body weight p.o. of Cystone (Himalaya health care Pvt. Ltd) functioned as a benchmark sample for comparison. Biochemical and histological analysis indicated that Bauhinia variegate leaf extract prevented oxidative stress and harm to renal cells brought on by calcium oxalate crystals.